So this morning as I was hurriedly getting ready for school (since I'd accidentally turned off my alarm), I was rushing through my living room when I heard a story teaser about scientists growing a heart in the lab on "Good Morning America." Now it's not every day you hear about people growing entire organs in an artificial setting, so my interest was piqued somewhat (as I'm sure yours is by now).
University of Minnesota researchers took a rat heart from a rat carcass, used various detergent solutions to remove the heart's muscle cells so that only the valves and vasculature were left behind, and then placed neonatal cardiac cells in the scaffolding created. The scaffolding left behind consisted mainly of the extracellular matrix, which complex multicellular organs rely on for organization and structure.
The neonatal cardiac cells began dividing and filling in the space left behind by the cleared heart muscle cells. Eventually, a new heart formed in its place.
More importantly, the new heart was functional and was not rejected by rats who were neither related to the source of the original heart muscle nor the source of neonatal cardiac cells.
Now sit back and think about that for a second and just drink in how incredible this is. Seriously.
Once this technology is refined, think about how many people can be helped by it. How many organ recipients will fall off of waiting lists, not because they died, but because a new organ was available to them. Diabetics whose pancreases (plural?) no longer function could get entirely new organs, instead of just islet cell transplants. People whose lungs have been ravaged by cystic fibrosis could get new ones, as long as lungs were available, and the patient was healthy enough for surgery.
Now sit back and think about the bioethical dilemmas that this sort of technology might raise and the slippery slope arguments that will arise from this. Would there be objections to life created in the lab, as opposed to receiving an organ from someone who had passed on? A cadaver's heart would still be needed, as would stem cells, to fabricate a heart. Is it practical to take a perfectly functioning heart, clear it of its muscle and replace it with stem cells which may or may not work? How would health insurance companies deal with this? I am unsure as to how they deal with "regular" organ transplants, so anyone who can provide any insight, please do.
Discuss, because I have a feeling that this research is going to make some huge waves but also some huge strides in solving the problem of transplant organ availability.
Posted by scienceguru on January 14, 2008
Tags cell division, dilemmas dilemmas!, discuss, science and society, science is cool!, stem cells



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